Company: test1
Difficulty: medium
An FPGA-based digital system is programmed to decode a 7-bit instruction using a PLA-based decoder. During runtime, some instructions produce incorrect outputs only for specific address lines. What is the likely design issue?
A communication system operates with 10 W of transmit power over a 1 MHz channel. The noise power spectral density is N0 = 10^-9 W/Hz. What is the channel capacity in Mbps?
A broadcasting station uses amplitude modulation to transmit signals. The carrier amplitude is 100 V, and the modulation index is 0.8. The antenna connected to the transmitter has an effective resistance of 50 ohms. To ensure signal clarity without distortion, what percentage of the total transmitted power should lie in the sidebands?
Which microprocessor signal enables tristate behaviour on the data bus to support multiple device communications without conflict?
Which of the following is primarily used to counter the effects of multipath propagation in wireless communication?
An 82 Ω resistor is connected in series with a 220 µF capacitor across a constant DC voltage source. If the capacitor is initially uncharged, how much time (in seconds) will it take for the capacitor to reach 65% of its final voltage value? Provide your answer rounded to three decimal places.
A sample of indium phosphide (InP), a III-V compound semiconductor, is doped in such a way that both electrons and holes contribute significantly to its electrical conductivity. At room temperature, the sample exhibits the following characteristics: the electron concentration is n = 3.2 × 10^16 cm^-3, the hole concentration is p = 2.5 × 10^15 cm^-3, the electron mobility is µn = 5400 cm^2/V·s, and
While designing a real-time motor control system using a microcontroller, an interrupt service routine is used to monitor the motor's RPM sensor at regular intervals. The motor starts jittering during high-load conditions. What is the most likely cause of this behaviour?
A two-port network is being tested for use in a bidirectional RF amplifier. When the input and output ports are interchanged, the behaviour of the network changes significantly. What does this suggest about the network?
While analysing a synthesized driving-point impedance using Foster's first form, a student finds a missing series LC section compared to the original response curve. What does this error most likely imply?
A sensor circuit designed to detect capacitive behaviour in industrial machinery contains a coil of inductance 15 mH in series with a capacitor of unknown value. When subjected to a sinusoidal signal of angular frequency 2000 rad/s, the total impedance magnitude is measured as 20 ohms. What is the value of the capacitor C in the circuit?
A countdown register in an 8-bit microcontroller is initialized to the value C800H. The system runs at 12 MHz and the timer uses a prescaler of 6. The counter decreases by 1 every prescaled clock cycle. How long (in microseconds) will it take before the counter reaches 0000H?
A discrete-time system is described by a linear difference equation. The system has a periodic impulse response. If a periodic input signal is applied, what will be the most likely output behaviour of the system?
A system exhibits a frequency response where the gain decreases with increasing frequency. If a high-frequency sinusoidal input is applied to this system, what would be the most likely output?
Consider a second-order underdamped system with a damping ratio of ζ = 0.25 and a natural frequency of ωn = 15 rad/s. The system is designed to operate at its resonant frequency and is characterized by its bandwidth (ωb) and resonant frequency (ωr). Using the given damping ratio and natural frequency, determine the absolute difference between ωb and ωr.
A robotic arm joint controller exhibits second-order behaviour with a damping coefficient ζ = 0.5 and natural frequency ωn = 10 rad/s. It is subjected to a unit step input, and measurements show that the system settles to within 2% of its final value in 4.2 seconds. Estimate the number of full oscillations that occur before the system fully settles.